Karakteristik Klinis dan Prevalensi Pasien Kandidiasis Invasif di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo

  • Kalista K
  • Chen L
  • Wahyuningsih R
  • et al.
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Abstract

Pendahuluan. Insiden infeksi jamur invasif dilaporkan semakin meningkat di berbagai negara. Candida merupakan genus jamur yang paling sering menyebabkan infeksi jamur invasif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi, karakteristik klinis, dan pola sebaran spesies jamur pada pasien kandidiasis invasif (KI) dewasa. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi retrospektif, menggunakan desain potong lintang, berdasarkan data sekunder pasien sepsis yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) Jakarta sejak Januari 2012 sampai Juni 2014. Dilakukan pemilihan pasien KI berdasarkan kriteria EORTC/MSG 2008. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pencatatan data demografis, data klinis dan penunjang, diagnosis, spesies penyebab, jenis obat antifungi dan antibiotik yang diberikan, luaran klinik, serta masa rawat. Hasil . Prevalensi KI di RSCM adalah 12,3%. Dari 91 pasien, didapatkan 35 pasien termasuk kategori proven , 31 pasien probable dan 25 pasien possible . Manifestasi klinik KI yang paling sering adalah kandidemia, dengan penyebab utama Candida albicans . Rerata usia pasien 47,9 tahun, didominasi oleh pasien medis yang dirawat di ruang rawat biasa, non-neutropenia, dan menderita syok sepsis. Kebanyakan pasien menderita keganasan yang seringkali disertai infeksi paru, sedangkan piranti medik yang paling sering digunakan adalah kateter urin. Umumnya, pasien mendapat antibiotik Sefalosporin generasi tiga, sedangkan antifungi yang paling sering digunakan adalah flukonazol. Sebanyak 44% pasien KI tidak mendapatkan pengobatan antifungi sistemik. Tingkat mortalitas pasien KI didapatkan sebesar 64.8% dan median masa rawat total adalah 27 hari. Simpulan . Prevalensi kandidiasis invasif sebesar 12,3% dengan mortalitas yang cukup tinggi dan C. albicans merupakan spesies yang paling sering ditemukan. Kata Kunci: C. albicans, kandidemia, kandidiasis invasif, prevalensi Clinical Characteristic and Prevalence of Invasive Candidiasis Patient in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Introduction. Incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFI) are reportedly increasing in many countries. Candida is the most common cause of IFI. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and etiologic pathogen in adult patients with invasive candidiasis (IC) at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hhospital. Methods. This was a cross sectional study with restropective data collection fromof septic patients that’ medical records hospitalized in January 2012 until June 2014. Subjects were selected based on EORTC/MSG 2008 diagnostic criteria for IC. Demographic data, clinical and supporting data, diagnosis, etiologic pathogens, antibiotics, antifungal, outcome, and length of stay were recorded. Results. The IC prevalence at Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital was 12,3% (91 patients from total of 738 sepsis patients). Subjects consisted of 35 proven, 31 probable, and 25 possible invasive candidiasis patients. Candidemia was the most common form of IC and C. albicans was the most common etiologic pathogen. Mean age were 47,9 years, dominated with medical non-neutropenic, and septic shock patient. Most patients had malignancy with lung infection. The most common medical intervention was urinary catheter. Most patients were given 3rd generation cephalosporin and the most common antifungal used was fluconazole. Forty four percent of IC patients did not get systemic antifungal treatment. Mortality rate was 64.8% and median length of stay were 27 days. Conclusions. IC prevalence was 12,3%. Mortality due to IC was high and C. albicans was the most common etiologic pathogen.

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APA

Kalista, K. F., Chen, L. K., Wahyuningsih, R., & Rumende, C. M. (2017). Karakteristik Klinis dan Prevalensi Pasien Kandidiasis Invasif di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 4(2), 56. https://doi.org/10.7454/jpdi.v4i2.104

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