Synthesis, characterization, and crystal structures of bis-imidazolium salts and respective dinuclear Ag(I) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: In vitro anticancer studies against "human colon cancer" and "breast cancer"

Abstract

This paper describes synthesis, characterization (NMR, FT-IR, microanalysis, and X-ray crystallography), in vitro anticancer activity of ortho/para-xylyl linked bis-imidazolium salts (4-5) and respective dinuclear Ag(I) N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes (6-7). All the compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity against human colorectal cancer (HCT 116) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines. According to cell viability measurements using MTT assay, all the complexes (6-7) showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic activity against both the cell lines, whereas respective salts (4-5) proved to be inactive. The complexes (6-7) demonstrated significant activity with IC 50 values range 5.6-20.3 M for HCT 116 and 1.12-6.38 M for MCF-7. 5-Fluorouracil was used as standard drug (IC50 = 5.9 M) for HCT 116, whereas tamoxifen was used as standard drug for MCF-7 (IC50 = 14 M) cell line. © 2013 Rosenani A. Haque et al.