Systematic Review on Full-Subtractor Using Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA)

Abstract

In earlier days, we used a CMOS-based subtractors; these are having lower specifications in terms of power dissipation, switching speed, and area. In this era, we are having nanotechnology which is of range 10−9, to reduce the overall specifications of the circuit. For this, we are having many tools for designing of circuits instead of using bulky circuits, and we have QCA Pro tool for the designing of different layouts and architectures of a particular circuit. In this paper, different subtractors are compared, these designs are because of quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA), and also the basic concept of the full-subtractor is discussed. QCA is emerging nanotechnology in digital circuits. QCA can also be used in computational architecture. This tool is to check the power dissipation and several clock delays, and the area is verified. The drawbacks of CMOS technology like area, switching speed, complexity are overcome by QCA technology.