An efficient solvent-free synthesis of 3-methyl-4-nitro-5-styrylisoxazoles using solid nano-titania

Abstract

Abstract: An efficient and solvent-free procedure for the synthesis of 3-methyl-4-nitro-5-styrylisoxazoles using nano-titania as solid support and recyclable catalyst is presented. This method provides clean, simple, solvent-free and useful alternative to synthesize styrylisoxazoles. The use of nano-titania provides excellent yield, leading to an easy separation and reuse of the catalyst up to four times without loss of yield. Also, the green matrices calculation shows low environment impact. The green chemistry matrices atom economy, reaction mass efficiency (RME), process mass intensity and E-factor are also calculated which show that this methodology is green and eco-friendly. The catalytic efficiency of heterogeneous TiO2 NPs was successfully demonstrated by recyclability experiment (up to 4 cycles). The sustainability of the catalyst was tested by performing recyclability experiment up to 4 cycles. Calculated turn over frequency (TOF) for each cycle indicates the protocol as sustainable. Graphical Abstract: SYNOPSIS: An efficient and solvent-free procedure for the synthesis of 3-methyl-4-nitro-5-styrylisoxazoles using nano-titania as solid support and recyclable catalyst is presented. This method provides a useful alternative to synthesize styrylisoxazoles. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].