Recombinant Caseous Lymphadenitis Vaccine with Palm Oil as Adjuvant Enhances the Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immune Responses in Rat Model

Abstract

C aseous lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic disease of sheep and goats worldwide (Abdullah et al., 2013) leading to disruption in trade of animals and animal prod-ucts (Williamson, 2001). It is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis that infects through non-intact skin such as open wound and abrasions (Adza et al., 2013). Abscess-es that developed often ruptured, spreading the infection (Adza et al., 2013). Vaccination is a suitable method of controlling this dis-ease. Various attempts have been made to develop an ef-ficient vaccine (Leamaster et al., 1987). Eventually, the toxoid phospholipase D (PLD) is most frequently used that resulted in partial protection. However, many unde-sirable side effects have been associated with the use of this exotoxin (Williamson et al., 2001). In this study, a newly developed recombinant CLA vaccine using different con-centrations of palm oil as adjuvant was used to determine the humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in rat model.