Current-Induced Creation of Topological Vortex Rings in a Magnetic Nanocylinder

Abstract

Vortex rings are ubiquitous topological structures in nature. In solid magnetic systems, their formation leads to intriguing physical phenomena and potential device applications. However, realizing these topological magnetic vortex rings and manipulating their topology on demand have still been challenging. Here, we theoretically show that topological vortex rings can be created by a current pulse in a chiral magnetic nanocylinder with a trench structure. The creation process involves the formation of a vortex ring street, i.e., a chain of magnetic vortex rings with an alternative linking manner. The created vortex rings can be bounded with monopole-antimonopole pairs and possess a rich and controllable linking topology (e.g., Hopf link and Solomon link), which is determined by the duration and amplitude of the current pulse. Our proposal paves the way for the realization and manipulation of diverse three-dimensional (3D) topological spin textures and could catalyze the development of 3D spintronic devices.