Molecular mechanisms involved in the ethiopathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis associated with infection by Porphyromonas gingivalis

Abstract

Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory, chronic and progressive arteriopathy that generates vascular endothelial dysfunction with stenosis and obstruction of blood vessels. It is the main cause of circulatory diseases, especially ischemic heart disease. This pathology leads the statistics related to circulatory diseases and is the main cause of ischemic heart disease. Worldwide, atherosclerosis represents the leading cause of death in the general population. Currently, infections represent one of the main emerging risk factors associated with atherosclerosis, several recent studies have shown that periodontal disease is associated with cardiovascular diseases, based on atherosclerosis. The association between Porphyromonas gingivalis and coronary atherosclerosis is an active field of research at a global level. The outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide and the gingipains of Porphyromonas gingivalis are linked to the inflammatory processes that occur during the atherogenic process. Consequently, the periodontal infection caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis could be triggering proinflammatory molecular mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis. This review aims to detail in a meticulous and precise way the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in ischemic heart disease due to coronary atheromatosis associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis infection.