Cambios histomorfométricos en dentina al utilizar biomodificadores radiculares. Revisión sistemática / Histomorphometric Changes in Root Dentine after using Biomodifiers. A Systematic Review

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Background : The success of endodontic therapy depends on an optimal biomechanical preparation, which includes removal of smear layer formed during root canal preparation. Smear layer adheres to the dentin surface and occludes the tubules, preventing the adhesion of the sealant material. It must be removed through irrigants that cause changes on the dentinal surface. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), citric acid, and tetracycline have been used as irrigants. Purpose : To identify changes in dentine after applying EDTA, citric acid, and tetracycline as irrigants, as described in available literature. Methods : In this systematic review, histomorphometric changes in dentin surface observed after using root biomodifiers, regarding application time and concentration of solution. The sample consisted of 20 articles selected from a population of 889 articles found and published between 2009 and 2016. The overall measure of results was the standard difference of dentinal demineralization depth, obtained for each solution. Results : According to the literature, the depth of demineralization is directly proportional to exposition time and concentration after application of the irrigant. Regarding other variables, such as pH, evidence was limited to draw conclusions. Thus, it is suggested there is not enough scientific evidence to support this type of study. Conclusions : Dentinal changes that occur after using root biomodifiers depend on the length of the application time and its concentration.