In this study we used a gender diagnostic (GD) approach to examine the associations between gender-atypical behavior and gender role (masculinity-M and femininity-F), bullying, peer relationships, and psychological well-being in a large community sample of 15-year-olds. GD showed little relationship with gender role. Irrespective of sex, M was positively, and F negatively associated with being a bully. "Gender atypical" boys reported more victimization, more loneliness, fewer male friends, and greater distress than their "gender typical" peers. After accounting for M and F, "femaleness" ("gender atypical" boys and "extremely gender-typed" girls) was associated with psychological distress. GD is an effective and unobtrusive method to identify a group whose vulnerability should be recognized by psychology, health, and education professionals.
CITATION STYLE
Young, R., & Sweeting, H. (2004). Adolescent bullying, relationships, psychological well-being, and gender-atypical behavior: A gender diagnosticity approach. Sex Roles, 50(7–8), 525–537. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:sers.0000023072.53886.86
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