Unraveling Chronic Endometritis: A Review

Abstract

Chronic endometritis (CE) is a pathology associated with persistent inflammation of the endometrial lining. The symptomatology of CE is usually mild or absent. CE is emerging as one of the main causative factors for altering the endometrial receptivity, which negatively impacts the process of implantation. It is mainly associated with unexplained infertility, recurrent miscarriages, and recurrent implantation failures. While immunohistochemical CD 138 staining is the gold standard for the diagnosis of CE, conventional tissue staining, hysteroscopy, transvaginal color Doppler, and culture sensitivity are other useful diagnostic modalities. Targeted or empirical antimicrobial therapy is effective for treatment in women with CE. Reproductive outcomes may improve following treatment with antimicrobial agents.