Handbook of Antimicrobial Resistance

Abstract

Front Cover; Handbook of Antimicrobial Coatings; Handbook of Antimicrobial Coatings; Copyright; Contents; List of Contributors; 1 -- Antimicrobial Coatings-Technology Advancement or Scientific Myth; 1. Introduction; 2. Current State of Work; 3. The Industrial Product Analysis; 4. Conclusion; Acknowledgments; 2 -- Antimicrobial and Antifungal Treatments for US Army Applications; 1. Introduction; 2. Historical Perspective; 3. Military Textile Treatments in the Modern Warfare Era; 3.1 New Combat Theaters (1900-45); 3.2 Research Advancements in Textile Treatments (1945-74) 3.3 Environmental Impacts and Regulatory Challenges (1964-90)4. Recent US Army Textile Research Focus; 4.1 Deemphasis on Natural Biological Degradation; 4.2 Uniforms and Soldier Health; 5. Current Gaps and Needs; 5.1 Shelters; 5.2 Uniforms and Soldier Health; 5.3 Test Methods; 6. Conclusions; References; 3 -- Polymer-Based Antimicrobial Coatings as Potential Biomaterials: From Action to Application; 1. Introduction; 2. Basic Concepts of Antibacterial Coating; 2.1 Antiadhesive Approach; 2.2 Surfaces With Intrinsically Antibacterial Properties 2.2.1 Coating of Implant Surface by Antiinfective Metals2.2.1.1 Silver; 2.2.1.2 Copper; 2.2.1.3 Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; 2.2.1.4 Hydroxyapatite Ca10(Po4)6(OH)2; 2.3 Surface Coating With Photosensitizers; 2.4 Microorganism-Repellant Coatings; 2.4.1 Coatings Acting by Steric Repulsion and Their "Superhydrophilic" Properties; 2.4.2 Coatings Acting by Electrostatic Repulsion; 2.5 Coatings With Modified Surface Energy; 2.5.1 Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Coatings; 2.5.2 Superhydrophilic and Superhydrophobic Coatings/Materials; 2.6 Coating by Using Enzymatic Activity 2.7 Nanostructured Surfaces and Coatings3. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties; 3.1 Principle of Antimicrobial Effectivity; 3.2 Evaluation Methods for Antibiotic Efficiency; 3.2.1 Various Methods of Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing; 3.2.1.1 Qualitative Methods; 3.2.1.1.1 Inoculum; 3.2.1.1.2 Disks; 3.2.1.1.3 Agar Medium; 3.2.1.1.4 Nutritional Requirements; 3.2.1.1.5 Incubation Temperature, Atmosphere, and Time; 3.2.1.1.6 Inoculum Growth; 3.2.1.1.7 Measuring Zones of Growth Inhibition; 3.2.2 Other Diffusion Methods; 3.2.2.1 Agar Well Diffusion Method; 3.2.2.2 Agar Plug Diffusion Method 3.2.2.3 Cross-Streak Method3.2.2.4 Poisoned Food Method; 3.2.3 Quantitative Methods: Dilution Method; 3.2.3.1 Broth Dilution Methods; 3.2.3.2 Agar Dilution Methods; 3.2.3.2.1 Macrobroth Dilution Tests; 3.2.3.2.2 Microbroth Dilution Tests; 3.2.3.2.3 Agar Dilution Method; 3.2.4 Thin-Layer Chromatography-Bioautography; 3.2.4.1 Agar Diffusion; 3.2.4.2 Direct Bioautography; 3.2.4.3 Agar Overlay Bioassay; 3.2.5 Time-Kill Test; 3.2.6 Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay; 3.2.7 Flow Cytofluorometric Method; 3.3 Factors; 3.3.1 Some Basic Factors That Affect the Antimicrobial Activity