Strategy on marine debris reduction in Indonesia: A review and recommendation

Abstract

In 2018, the Indonesian government started a program: National Action Plan on Marine Debris, with the target to reduce 70% of marine plastic debris by 2025. Based on local research's result in 2018, there was an estimated 0,27 to 0,59 million tons (MT) of marine plastic debris on local seas. Thus, the target of 70% debris reduction would be at 0.35 MT per year, or the reduction of 29.500 Tons of debris per month. That is a huge number to deal with, considering there are only 4 years left to 2025. To achieve the program, a roadmap was developed, parallel to other supporting programs as well the regulations, a national task force TKN PSL also established to run the programs. But an intriguing question remains: how to improve the achievement of this challenging target in a limited time? This study aimed to figure out the progress of existing waste reduction programs and contribute the way to improve the program. The method is a combination of literature review to collect data, a comparative and analytical work and finally the development of concept and action plans to formulate recommendation. We concluded that to improve the achievement of the target, proper strategy and program are needed to accelerate and boost the progress of marine debris reduction programs. To strengthen the waste reduction effort, the use of technology needs to be strongly emphasized. The program is best to be imply directly on sites, using various integrated methods to reduce more marine debris. More units of waste processing TPS 3R or "Reuse, Reduce, Recycle"are in urgency to obtained. The units will be located along the water body areas covering upstream to downstream, inland as well on-water. For the on-water site works, a concept of the green technology-based system integrated with small-sized floating TPS 3R barge, called STAMSAL P2K, is recommended to be implemented in the action plans.