We present a set of formal techniques and a methodology for a composite formal analysis at the tissue and organ level, focusing on the verification of quantitative properties in the process of bone remodelling. Starting from a differential equation model, we derive a stochastic model and a piecewise multi-affine approximation in order to perform model checking of stabilisation properties for the biological tissue, and to assess the differences between a regular remodelling activity and a defective activity typical of pathologies like osteoporosis. The complex nonlinear dynamics of bone remodelling is analysed with a variety of techniques: sensitivity analysis for the differential equation model; quantitative probabilistic model checking for the stochastic model; and classical model checking and parameter synthesis on the piecewise multi-affine model. Such analyses allow us to extract a wealth of information that is not only useful for a deeper understanding of the biological process but also towards medical diagnoses. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.
CITATION STYLE
Bartocci, E., Lio, P., Merelli, E., & Paoletti, N. (2012). Multiple verification in complex biological systems: The bone remodelling case study. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics) (Vol. 7625 LNBI, pp. 53–76). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35524-0_3
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