Menopausal hormone therapy and pancreatic cancer risk in women: a population-based matched cohort study

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Abstract

Background: The role of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in the development of pancreatic cancer is inconclusive owing to small studies and lack of proper study design. Methods: This population-based matched cohort study included all Swedish women who used systemic MHT between 1 July 2005 and 31 December 2012. For each user of MHT, three never-users of MHT were randomly selected, matched for childbirth, history of thromboembolic events, and previous hysterectomy, as well as for year of birth, diabetes, obesity, and smoking- or alcohol-related disorders. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between MHT use and pancreatic cancer. The effect of MHT duration on pancreatic cancer development was calculated using multivariable Poisson regression. Results: There were 290,186 ever-users of MHT and 870,165 matched never-users. During the follow-up, 311 (0.0011%) ever-users of MHT and 1220 (0.0014) never-users developed pancreatic cancer. In a multivariable adjusted model, ever-users had a 23% reduced risk (OR 0.77; 95% CI: 0.68–0.87) of pancreatic cancer. This risk decreased by 35% (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.65; 95% CI: 0.33–1.27) in women who used MHT 1–2 years and by 60% (IRR 0.40; 95% CI: 0.18–0.88) in women who used MHT ≥ 3 years compared to women with <1 year of MHT use. The type of MHT did not change the results. Conclusion: Systemic MHT use might reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer.

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Sadr-Azodi, O., Konings, P., & Brusselaers, N. (2017). Menopausal hormone therapy and pancreatic cancer risk in women: a population-based matched cohort study. United European Gastroenterology Journal, 5(8), 1123–1128. https://doi.org/10.1177/2050640617702060

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