Zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures

Abstract

The zygomaticomaxillary complex is an essential anatomic element of the aesthetic facial skeleton. The zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) is comprised of zygoma and its articulations to the zygomatic arch and maxilla. The zygoma is a quadrangular bone that provides the structural support of the malar eminence, makes up the anterolateral wall and inferotemporal floor of the orbit and the lateral aspect of the inferior orbital rim. Posterolaterally the zygoma articulates with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, forming the zygomatic arch. The masseter muscle, essential for mastication, inserts on the zygomatic arch. The arch also provides the contour to the lateral cheek, protecting the temporalis muscle and coronoid process of the mandible. Medially, the zygoma articulates with the maxilla to make up the medial aspect of the inferior orbital rim and fl oor of the orbit. The maxilla also makes up the anterior face of the facial skeleton and is responsible for housing the teeth. Superiorly, the frontal process of the zygoma articulates with the zygomatic process of the frontal bone, forming the frontozygomatic suture.