Cypripedium L. (The Lady’s-Slippers), Introduction

Abstract

Pollination mechanics, floral attraction, and pollinator behavior are described for the non-rewarding genus Cypripedium. The flowers are of a type known as trap blossoms. To obtain their release, traped insects are forced to follow a prescribed sequence of behaviors that lead to pollination of the flower. Insects, usually bees, are attracted by deception based on a false promise of reward, mimicry, or an instinctual response to pheromone-like secretions. Reproductive isolation is critically related to the size of the entrance and especially the diameter of the anther exit hole and the space between the labellar floor and the stigma.