Biocompatibility studies on cerium oxide nanoparticles-combined study for local effects, systemic toxicity and genotoxicity: Via implantation route

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Abstract

An implantation study of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2-NP) combined with 28-day systemic toxicity and genotoxicity studies aligned to current regulatory standards was conducted. The results suggested that local tissue reactions caused by CeO2-NP was minimal (implantation irritation index of less than 3) and was better tolerated than most other implant materials tested in our laboratory. Furthermore, CeO2-NP showed virtually no systemic toxicity or in vivo micronucleus induction in bone marrow via implantation route. Chemical analysis showed that CeO2-NP migrated from the implant sites (250 mg per site) in low levels and was deposited predominantly in liver (191.8 ± 35.1 ng g -1 of tissue; P < 0.01), lungs (263.4 ± 30.9 ng g -1 of tissue; P < 0.001), spleen (211.2 ± 6.5 ng g -1 of tissue; P < 0.001) and kidneys (272.8 ± 20.4 ng g -1 of tissue; P < 0.001). These observations provide a base line biocompatibility and toxicity data on CeO2-NP. The current findings will also be useful in defining standards for nanoparticle containing biomaterials and devices.

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Kalyanaraman, V., Naveen, S. V., Mohana, N., Balaje, R. M., Navaneethakrishnan, K. R., Brabu, B., … Kumaravel, T. S. (2019). Biocompatibility studies on cerium oxide nanoparticles-combined study for local effects, systemic toxicity and genotoxicity: Via implantation route. Toxicology Research, 8(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tx00248g

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