An implantation study of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2-NP) combined with 28-day systemic toxicity and genotoxicity studies aligned to current regulatory standards was conducted. The results suggested that local tissue reactions caused by CeO2-NP was minimal (implantation irritation index of less than 3) and was better tolerated than most other implant materials tested in our laboratory. Furthermore, CeO2-NP showed virtually no systemic toxicity or in vivo micronucleus induction in bone marrow via implantation route. Chemical analysis showed that CeO2-NP migrated from the implant sites (250 mg per site) in low levels and was deposited predominantly in liver (191.8 ± 35.1 ng g -1 of tissue; P < 0.01), lungs (263.4 ± 30.9 ng g -1 of tissue; P < 0.001), spleen (211.2 ± 6.5 ng g -1 of tissue; P < 0.001) and kidneys (272.8 ± 20.4 ng g -1 of tissue; P < 0.001). These observations provide a base line biocompatibility and toxicity data on CeO2-NP. The current findings will also be useful in defining standards for nanoparticle containing biomaterials and devices.
CITATION STYLE
Kalyanaraman, V., Naveen, S. V., Mohana, N., Balaje, R. M., Navaneethakrishnan, K. R., Brabu, B., … Kumaravel, T. S. (2019). Biocompatibility studies on cerium oxide nanoparticles-combined study for local effects, systemic toxicity and genotoxicity: Via implantation route. Toxicology Research, 8(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8tx00248g
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