The effect of X4 and R5 HIV-1 on C, C-C, and C-X-C chemokines during the early stages of infection in human PBMCs

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Abstract

To better define a mechanism underlying the increase in expression of certain proinflammatory chemokines during HIV-1 infection, we analyzed the effect of X4 HIV-1 infection on C, C-C, and C-X-C chemokine mRNA levels. We demonstrate that X4 HIV-1 infection augments the expression of RANTES, IP-10, MCP-1, and Ltn in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). R5 HIV-1 also induces an increase in both IP-10 and MCP-1 production. Binding of UV-inactivated HIV-1 elevates MCP-1, RANTES, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, and IL-8 expression, but fails to alter the production of IP-10, suggesting that the induction of IP-10 is dependent on downstream events following viral internalization. Indeed, recombinant gp120 alone was able to stimulate an eightfold increase in MCP-1 expression, but was unable to induce any detectable increase in IP-10 protein. HIV-induced modulation of chemokine expression suggests a mechanism by which HIV-infected monocytes and T cells might recruit target cells to sites of active viral replication, thus potentially aiding in the spread of the virus. © 2002 Elsevier Science.

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Wetzel, M. A., Steele, A. D., Henderson, E. E., & Rogers, T. J. (2002). The effect of X4 and R5 HIV-1 on C, C-C, and C-X-C chemokines during the early stages of infection in human PBMCs. Virology, 292(1), 6–15. https://doi.org/10.1006/viro.2001.1249

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