Comprehensive analysis of an intervention for anxiety and depression with inpatients with heart failure

Abstract

Heart failure is a chronic disease which can cause emotional imbalance, with anxiety and depression as two of the most prevalent emotional manifestations of mental suffering. In this study, with the aim of analyzing the effect of a nursing intervention in reducing anxiety and depression, a nursing intervention plan was developed based on Ellis’s rational-emotive behavioral approach with 10 inpatients in a pre-transplant situation. These patients were identified through screening using a measurement scale and/or through referral by the multidisciplinary team, and through further validation by a structured interview. The plan was implemented according to the individual needs identified, and the following techniques were used: relaxation, therapeutic communication and helping relationship, cognitive restructuring skills and training on the connection between thought and emotion. Quantitative data analyses were conducted based on field notes, health team observations and patients’ narratives. Findings suggest a reduction in anxiety and depressive symptoms, an increase of hope and a calming effect resulting from acceptance of the illness. The narrative analysis allows us to understand the importance of the therapeutic alliance and the benefit attributed by patients. It demonstrates the usefulness of specialized intervention in mental health nursing in these critical situations.