Impacto da conversão da cobertura natural em pastagem e área urbana sobre variáveis biofísicas no sul do Amazonas

Abstract

The replacement of natural cover by pasture areas affects the surface albedo, which in turn influences the balance of radiation and surface temperature. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the impacts of deforestation on biophysical variables in the municipality of Apuí-AM, by Landsat 5 TM images (Thematic Mapper). The images used in this study were provided by the United States Geological Survey (USGS). The image of 07/20/2010 was processed by intermediate stages of the SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land). Deforestation in the municipality of Apuí increased by 20% in the last 20 years. Forest NDVI was 20 and 43% higher than pasture and urban area, respectively. The surface albedo in the pasture and in the urban area were 16% higher than in the Forest area and the surface gloss temperature in the pasture and in the urban area were 16 and 10% higher than in the Forest area, respectively. The Rn in the Forest area was 8% and 6% higher than in the urban area and in the pasture, respectively. Therefore, the conversion of the Amazon Forest modifies the radiation balance with greater availability of sensible surface heat in the pasture and urban areas.