Glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products as potential nutraceuticals to combat cytokine storm in SARS-COV-2

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Abstract

Introduction: The high mortality rate in severe cases of COVID-19 is mainly due to the strong upregulation of cytokines, called a cytokine storm. Hyperinflammation and multiple organ failure comprise the main clinical features of a cytokine storm. Nrf2 is a transcription factor which regulates the expression of genes involved in immune and inflammatory processes. Furthermore, Nrf2, as a master regulator, controls the activity of NF-κB which binds to the promoter of many pro-inflammatory genes inducible of various inflammatory factors. Inhibition of Nrf2 response was recently demonstrated in biopsies from patients with COVID-19, and Nrf2 agonists inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication across cell lines in vitro. Glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products have excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects via the Nrf2 activation pathway, reduction in the NF-κB activation, and subsequent reduced cytokines levels. Conclusion: Accordingly, these compounds can be helpful in combating the cytokine storm associated with COVID-19. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

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Bahoosh, S. R., Shokoohinia, Y., & Eftekhari, M. (2022). Glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products as potential nutraceuticals to combat cytokine storm in SARS-COV-2. DARU, Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 30(1), 245–252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40199-022-00435-x

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