Profile of tracheotomy patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: The tracheotomy profile, including the degree of airway obstruction, underlying disease, following procedures, and complications, is important. The latest data regarding the profile of tracheotomy patients at ORL-HNS Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital has not been published yet. This research to describe the profile of tracheotomy patients at ORL-HNS Department Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study with total sampling covering tracheotomy patients in 2015-1019 at ORL-HNS Department Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 for Windows. Result: There were 590 tracheotomy patients consisting of 452 men and 138 women, with the largest age group of 51-60 years with 167 patients (28.31%). Jackson 1 in 306 (51.86%), impending upper airway obstruction in 209 (35.42%), Jackson 2 in 38 (6.44%), Jackson 3 in 31 patients (5.25%), Jackson 4 in 3 patients (0.51%). The diagnosis includes tumors (87.29%), especially laryngeal carcinoma, then infection, neurological, trauma, and others. Procedures following tracheotomy are biopsies (11.19%), tumor surgery, and abscess incision and drainage. Complications were found in 65 patients (11.02%). Subcutaneous emphysema in 45 patients (7.63%), followed by bleeding and pneumothorax with subcutaneous emphysema (1.02%), 5 died (0.85%). Subcutaneous emphysema and bleeding in 2 patients (0.34%). Pneumothorax without subcutaneous emphysema in 1 patient (0.17%). Conclusions: There were more male tracheotomy patients than female. The age group of most patients was 51-60 years. The majority were Jackson 1, and most were diagnosed with tumors. A biopsy is the most following procedure in tracheotomy. Complications were found in 11.02% of tracheotomy patients; the most common is subcutaneous emphysema.