Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression in an Asian Community in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Abstract

Depression is a common condition in developed countries and is a growing problem in developing countries like Tanzania. Various risk factors have been identified through different studies. This study aimed at finding the prevalence of depression in a predominantly migrant Asian community and the behavioral, familial, social, and medical factors influencing it. A cross-sectional study among adults in a closed Asian community was done. Interviews and self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain details of symptoms and factors related to depression. DSM-IV criteria were used to diagnose depression in the individuals. Factors were assessed for significance using Chi square test. A total 384 participants were interviewed. Depression was found in 6.5% of the population. Risk factors included psychological stress ( p<0.001 , OR = 6.37, 95% CI = 2.42–16.69) and a family history of depression ( p=0.023 , OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.02–6.42). A sufficient family income was associated with a lower risk of depression ( p=0.013 , OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.06–0.77). The prevalence of depression is within the range of the worldwide prevalence. Past psychological trauma and a family history of depression were significant risk factors, while a sufficient income was protective.