Biological Hydrogen Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Abstract

Biologically derived hydrogen (biohydrogen) from lignocellulosic biomass has the potential to be an ideal renewable fuel as its combustion does not produce carbon-based emissions and it can be derived from sources which do not affect food production. Moreover, the by-products of biohydrogen production can be fed to an anaerobic digester producing biogas. Thus, a two-step process involving biohydrogen production followed by biogas production is emerging as a viable option for conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. Essential aspects of designing a viable hydrogen production system such as biomass selection, inhibitory compounds in the biomass, removal and salvage of hydrogen and the desirable qualities in any hydrogen producing organism are discussed in this chapter.