Deciphering how Cpl-7 cell wall-binding repeats recognize the bacterial peptidoglycan

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Abstract

Endolysins, the cell wall lytic enzymes encoded by bacteriophages to release the phage progeny, are among the top alternatives to fight against multiresistant pathogenic bacteria; one of the current biggest challenges to global health. Their narrow range of susceptible bacteria relies, primarily, on targeting specific cell-wall receptors through specialized modules. The cell wall-binding domain of Cpl-7 endolysin, made of three CW-7 repeats, accounts for its extended-range of substrates. Using as model system the cell wall-binding domain of Cpl-7, here we describe the molecular basis for the bacterial cell wall recognition by the CW-7 motif, which is widely represented in sequences of cell wall hydrolases. We report the crystal and solution structure of the full-length domain, identify N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl-(β1,4)-N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (GMDP) as the peptidoglycan (PG) target recognized by the CW-7 motifs, and characterize feasible GMDP-CW-7 contacts. Our data suggest that Cpl-7 cell wall-binding domain might simultaneously bind to three PG chains, and also highlight the potential use of CW-7-containing lysins as novel anti-infectives.

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Bustamante, N., Iglesias-Bexiga, M., Bernardo-García, N., Silva-Martín, N., García, G., Campanero-Rhodes, M. A., … Menéndez, M. (2017). Deciphering how Cpl-7 cell wall-binding repeats recognize the bacterial peptidoglycan. Scientific Reports, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-16392-4

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