The Efficacy of Combined Alarm Therapy Versus Alarm Monotherapy in the Treatment of Monosymptomatic Nocturnal Enuresis: A Review of Current Literature

Abstract

Primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis is a common clinical condition in childhood and affects the psychosocial development of the child. The management of this clinical condition, which includes the pre-school and adolescence period, is very important for child development. Diagnostic evaluation should be performed in terms of diabetes mellitus, diabetes inspidus, neurogenic bladder, spinal anomalies, and con-genital urogenital system anomalies. Treatment modalities in primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis include enuretic alarm therapy, behavioral therapy, and pharmacological treatments such as desmopressin, tricyclic antidepressants, and anticholinergics. There are also experimental treatments such as percutane-ous nerve stimulation, acupuncture, and manual therapy. In this study, we examined randomized controlled studies in the literature that included alarm monotherapy and combined therapy. We aimed to present the efficacy, advantages, and disadvantages of combined treatment with the results of the studies.