Proteomics in sex determination of dioecious plants

Abstract

Sex determination in plants is controlled by complex endogenous genetic programs and responses to environmental cues. The great majority of the world’s flowering plants are hermaphrodite, while approximately 6% are dioecious, having male and female flowers in individuals. Male and female plants usually have different economic value. However, most dioecious plants do not exhibit discernible sexual dimorphism before sexual maturity. Therefore, sex identification of dioecious plants at juvenile stage would greatly benefit breeding program. In this chapter, we outline the primary methods, especially proteomics, in sex determination of dioecious plants, and summarize the current applications of proteomics in sex determination of plants, finally discuss the limitations and future of proteomics in sex determination of dioecious plants.