Low-tech alternatives for the rehabilitation of aquatic and riparian environments

Abstract

The rehabilitation of degraded riparian environments seeks to recreate natural ecosystems by the reintroduction of native plant species, among other actions. This reintroduction could be conducted from seed, saplings, and planted rolls and blankets. The advantages of the planted rolls and blankets are the ease of field installation and a rapid establishment of vegetation due to a better protection of the roots. In addition, rolls and mats reduce erosion, stabilize slopes, and retain sediments. The creation of wetlands in the coastal zone and the use of artificial vegetated floating islands can contribute to improving water quality. The establishment of buffer areas adjacent to the shore zone acts as a biological filter retaining diffuse pollution associated with surface runoff. In this chapter are described some low-tech alternatives and strategies that can be used in the rehabilitation of riparian zones, including a case study in the Matanza-Riachuelo River (Argentina), one of the most polluted in the world.