Synchrotron X-ray scattering from liquid surfaces and interfaces

Abstract

Synchrotron X-ray scattering studies have transformed our understanding of liquid surfaces and interfaces, which play an important role in many biological, environmental, and technological processes. During the past several decades, these studies have begun to explore the relationship between the nanoscale interfacial structure and interfacial properties and function. Recent work has explored the advantages of energy-dependent surface probes and, in some cases, combined them with more traditional surface scattering techniques. This chapter presents the capabilities and applications of traditional and developing surface X-ray scattering techniques used in the study of liquid surfaces and interfaces.