Abstract
The first epidural injection was performed in 1901 by Jean-Athanase Sicard and Ferdinand Catheline through caudal route. Touhy needle was developed for continuous spinal catheter technique and later adapted for epidural anesthesia by Manual Martinez Curbelo. Its popularity increased due to the possible serious neurological sequelae of spinal injections and the availability of long-acting local anesthetic agents such as bupivacaine. As a result of its versatility, it certainly remains a popular regional anesthetic technique in the USA and UK.
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CITATION STYLE
Kunnumpurath, S., Ramessur, S., Fendius, A., & Vadivelu, N. (2012). Neuraxial blockade: Epidural anesthesia. In Essentials of Regional Anesthesia (pp. 293–338). Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1013-3_12
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