Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium study of six morphogenetic characters in a population of Punjab, Pakistan

Abstract

Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is the study of the distribution of allelic and genotypic frequencies in a population. The objective of this study is to evaluate the allelic and genotypic frequency of different qualitative traits of men and women in Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 909 individuals were recruited for this study. In population, the frequency order of the blood group is B > O > A > AB and the same in both males and females. Rh-positive is more elevated (86.03%) than the negative (13.97%) in the whole population. Tongue rolling ability is higher in both males (58.92%) and females (61.46%). The presence of free earlobe (71.29%) and straight hairs (52.81%) is more in the whole population. Straight hair is more common in the population than the wavy (30.14%) and curly (17.05%), the male and female order is the same as in the whole population. In the whole population, the ear lobe is non-significant but other traits are significant. This study indicated that the alleles for the ear lobe are in equilibrium in the population, based on a Mendelian ratio. Hence, only the ear lobe follow the Mendelian ratio in the population of Punjab, Pakistan.