Stress induced nitrogen diffusion in nitrided austenitic stainless steel

Abstract

The nitrogen transport mechanism in plasma nitrided austenitic stainless steel at moderate temperatures (around 400 °C) is explained by non-Fickian diffusion model. The model considers the diffusion of nitrogen in presence of internal stresses gradient induced by penetrating nitrogen as the next driving force of diffusion after concentration gradient. For mathematical description of stress induced diffusion process the equation of barodiffusion is used, which involves concentration dependant barodiffusion coefficient. For calculation of stress gradient it is assumed that stress depth profile linearly relates with the nitrogen concentration depth profile. The calculated nitrogen depth profiles in an austenitic stainless steel are in good agreement with experimental nitrogen profiles. The diffusion coefficient D = 1.68·10-12 cm2/s for nitrogen in a plasma source ion nitrided 1Cr18Ni9Ti (18-8 type) austenitic stainless steel at 380 °C was found from fitting of experimental data. It is shown that nitrogen penetration depth and nitrogen surface concentration increases with nitriding temperature nonlinearly.