Spatial analysis of the urban physical vulnerability using remote sensing and geographic information systems (case study: Yogyakarta City)

Abstract

Vulnerability mapping in urban planning is very important to reduce damage caused and loss of life due to disasters. This paper discussed the mapping of urban physical vulnerability using remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS) approaches. Physical vulnerability parameters used were building density, distribution of public facilities, slope, and land use. Landsat 8 OLI satellite imagery used remote sensing data to obtain building density information using the Normalised Difference Built Index (NDBI) and land use interpretation approaches. With the use of GIS, the spatial distribution of urban vulnerabilities could be known through the overlay of each indicator. The results of the analysis obtained that the physical vulnerability classes of Yogyakarta City were very high (26%), high (29%), moderate (29%), low (16%), and very low (0%). Some areas categorized as vulnerable to very vulnerable are areas with high building density, namely the Sub-districts of Danurejan, Kraton, Gedongtengen, Jetis, Ngampilan, Pakualaman, Mantrijeron, parts of Gondomanan and Tegalrejo.