MHUCR: Mutli hop uniform clustering routing protocol for energy efficient WSN

Abstract

This paper presents an energy efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor network called Mutli Hop Uniform Clustering Routing Protocol (MHUCR). The proposed MHUCR protocol balances the energy consumption of all nodes in the network and prolong the network lifetime. In MHUCR, three types of nodes in the network are assumed. These nodes are defined as, Normal Node (NN), Cluster Head (CH), and Super Node (SN), and each type has a different energy level. The CH has a fixed number of members, and NN sends a request to join to the CH that has fewer member numbers, close to it, and have a high residual energy as metrics. The SN is assumed to be a near to the Base Station (BS) to overcome the problem of nodes that is near to the BS, which dies faster than distant nodes. MHUCR has the capability to adapt and find another path, in case any change occurs, CH fails or dies. Four different scenarios using MATLAB are implemented to evaluate and investigate the performances of the proposed protocol. Simulation results show that the proposed MHUCR protocol improvement rate of in terms of nodes still alive was 98% when compared with LEACH protocol and 91.5% when compared with LEACH-C protocol and 78.2% when compared with DECA protocol and 67.5% when compared with I-LEACH protocol and 41% when compared with W-LEACH protocol.