Ganoderma lucidum: A Macro Fungus with Phytochemicals and Their Pharmacological Properties

Abstract

Ganoderma lucidum is traditionally applied in various countries for treatment of variety of diseases. It is a prime example of an ancient remedy being of immense relevance to the modern era and known as mushroom of immortality as well as spirit mushroom. It has been used as a health promoting agent due to its wide pharmacological and nutraceutical activity and availability. Increasing awareness about fitness and health-promoting capability of G. lucidum pull the majority of people to get healthier lifestyles, propelling expansion of its market globally. The importance of Ganoderma lucidum has fascinated scientific community to carry out extensive phytochemical and pharmacological investigations. Different studies have been carried out, and a broad spectrum of its pharmacological actions has been established which include immunomodulatory, anticancerous, antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, antiosteoporotic, suppression of angiogenesis, and antinociceptive properties. The current review is an attempt to explore the reported chemical composition and pharmacological activity. It will act as a reference for all researchers, scientists, and other health professionals who are working on this mushroom.