Efficacy and Safety of Pyronaridine-Artesunate plus Single-Dose Primaquine for the Treatment of Malaria in Western Cambodia

Abstract

This single-arm trial (n = 104) in western Cambodia showed high efficacy for 3-day treatment with pyronaridine-artesunate plus single-dose primaquine in Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Day 42 PCR-adjusted adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) was 98.3% (58/59) (95% confidence interval [CI], 90.9 to 100.0) in Trapeng Chau in Kampong Speu and 100% (41/41) (95% CI, 91.4 to 100) in Veal Veng in Pursat; 80.6% (83/103) of the patients had P. falciparum with drug resistance molecular markers. For Plasmodium vivax malaria, pyronaridine-artesunate day 28 ACPR was 98.3% (59/60) (95% CI, 91.1 to 100) and 100% (60/60) (95% CI, 94.0 to 100), respectively. (This study is registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry [ANZCTR] under reference no. ACTRN12618001999224.)