Designing 3D semantic model in LOD4 to simulate building utility network

Abstract

In recent years, most of the three dimension city models have been introduced as completely graphic or geometric models, and the semantic and topographic aspects of the models have been neglected. However, in addition to graphic aspects, the semantic three dimension models also comprise of ontological structure including thematic classes, attributes and their mutual relations. City GML (Geographical Markup Language) is an international standard to display and exchange threedimension city models. City GML includes five Different Level Of Details (LOD), and in addition to exterior images of the building, it shows the interior space including the rooms, doors, windows, etc. The aim of the present study is to design a semantic model of the buildings in LOD4 with a precision of 20 square centimeters. LOD4 covers the interior space, and gives a comprehensive and accurate view of both interior and exterior spaces of the building. The gas installations of the buildings are also included in the model as a new and practical design to expand the use of City GML. Such models can be used in intelligent management of the buildings, installations management, and also crisis management in interior spaces of the buildings.