This chapter describes forehead anatomy and aging, and treatment modalities designed to provide functional and cosmetic improvements. A detailed description of endoscopic forehead lift is provided, including rationale, surgical instruments, incisions, dissection, and fixation. Results and ways to prevent potential complications are reviewed.
CITATION STYLE
Espinosa, J., & Reyes, J. R. (2012). Endoscopic forehead lift. In Advanced Surgical Facial Rejuvenation: Art and Clinical Practice (Vol. 9783642178382, pp. 495–510). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17838-2_44
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