Investigation of the effect of different environmental conditions on biofilm structure of Salmonella enterica serotype Virchow via FTIR spectroscopy

Abstract

This study aims to describe the content of polymeric matrix components under different incubation temperatures and pH levels. Optimal biofilm production of 15 S. Virchow isolates occurred following the incubation in LB−NaCl for 72 h, at pH 6.6 and 20 °C. The expression of csgA, csgD, adrA and bcsA genes at 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C in S. Virchow DMC18 was analyzed, and it was discovered that the maximum production of cellulose and curli fimbriae occurred at 20 °C. The physical characteristics of pellicle structure of S. Virchow DMC18 was determined as rigid at 20 °C, while becoming fragile at higher temperatures. FTIR analyses confirmed the obtained molecular findings. The intensities of the 16 different peaks originating from carbohydrate, protein, and nucleic acid in the spectra of biofilm samples significantly diminished (p < 0.05) with the increasing temperature. The highest intensities of lipids and carbohydrates were observed at 20 °C indicating the changes in cell surface properties.