Calorie restriction and insulin sensitivity in obesity

Abstract

Caloric restriction has long been shown to improve insulin action and glucose control. In this chapter, we review the evidence behind different strategies to restrict calories, its impact on insulin sensitivity, putative mechanisms by which it improves insulin sensitivity, and the longevity of these methods in improving glucose metabolism where such evidence exists. Coverage includes sections on caloric restriction versus weight loss, techniques, macronutrients, the role of the liver and skeletal muscle after caloric restriction, and the gut microbiome.