Revisiting the environmental kuznets curve hypothesis for Turkey

Abstract

We empirically reexamine the interdependency between renewable energy, nonrenewable energy, economic growth, and carbon dioxide emission by employing multivariate time series techniques for the periods between 1970 and 2013. Our results prove the evidence of a long-run relation between the tested variables. Also, we revisit the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for the case of Turkey.