A pesca e o conhecimento ecológico local dos pescadores de acará-disco (Symphysodon aequifasciatus, Pellegrin 1904: Cichlidae) na Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Piagaçu-Purus, baixo rio Purus, Brasil

Abstract

The discus fish (Symphysodon aequifasciatus, Pellegrin 1904), an endemic cichlid from the Amazon basin, is one of the most popular ornamental fish species in the world. However, there is little information available in the scientific literature on the exploitation of this species in its natural habitat. In this article we describe the small-scale discus fisheries activity in the Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Piagaçu-Purus (RDS-PP), lower Purus River, Brazil, based on field observations, structured and open-ended interviews with fishermen and local inhabitants. Discus fishery is seasonal, occurring mainly in the dry season. Local fishermen use fish attractors to catch the species and underwater hearing methods to estimate its presence and abundance. Discus fishes are locally kept in wooden storage tanks and carried in plastic containers for distribution in regional markets by means of fishing boats, commercial boat lines or rafts. Discuses are sold in Manaus, State of Amazonas, to export companies specialized in ornamental fish trade. We describe the local ecological knowledge on the discus among fishermen living within the RDS-PP and discuss its importance for ornamental fishery management in that protected area.