Predominantly antibody deficiency

Abstract

Primary antibody deficiencies (PADs) are the most common type of PIDs, accounting for approximately half of the diseases [1–7]. The spectrum of PADs is broad, ranging from patients with a severe reduction of all serum immunoglobulin classes and totally absent B cells to patients who have a selective antibody deficiency with normal serum immunoglobulins [6]. Many of these disorders share a clinical phenotype with common features such as chronic and recurrent respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts infections, chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, and malignancy [8–10].