Β3-Adrenoceptor function and long-term changes in body weight

Abstract

Background: The endogenous factors contributing to long-term changes in body weight are not known but the regulation of energy metabolism by different beta-adrenoceptors (Β 1 -AR, Β 2 -AR, Β 3 -AR) or alpha-adrenoceptors (α 2 -AR) may play a role.Methods:In a prospective study, we investigated Β-AR and α 2 -AR subtype function in subcutaneous fat cells of 85 healthy, non-obese women by using a standardized bioassay of lipolysis. Of these 73 were re-investigated on an average 10 years later to compare baseline function of Β 1 -AR, Β 2 -AR, Β 3 -AR and α 2 -AR with longitudinal weight changes.Results:Weight change over time was normally distributed ranging from-4 kg/m 2 to 6 kg/m 2 in body mass index. Long-term changes in body weight correlated inversely with Β 3 -AR function at base line (r=0.5, P=0.001). Those with low Β 3- AR function gained weight, whereas the opposite was observed with those who had a high Β 3 -AR function. Nineteen percent of weight changes could be explained by Β 3 -AR status. No relationship with weight changes was observed as regards the function of α 2 -AR, Β 1 -AR or Β 2 -AR function.Conclusions:Β 3 -ARs are important for long-term changes in body weight putting energy metabolism in adipose tissue in frontline among endogenous factors that regulate body weight in adulthood. © 2009 Macmillan Publishers Limited All rights reserved.