The Impact of Deforestation on Sustainable Development Goals Regulations: An Empirical Studies on Tawangmangu

Abstract

Deforestation represents a permanent transition from forested to non-forested areas, primarily driven by human activities. Such significant land conversion has occurred along the Tawangmangu alternative road for the development of ecotourism. In 2015, the United Nations officially endorsed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Agenda, comprising 17 Goals and 169 Targets, expected to be achieved by 2030. In Indonesia, the SDGs were ratified in Presidential Regulation Number 59 of 2017 regarding the Implementation of Achieving SDGs. This research employs a qualitative method, examining the rate of conversion from forest to buildings along the Tawangmangu alternative road and using legal protection theory to understand steps to prevent deforestation. The Tawangmangu District Government should apply both preventive and repressive protections, including socialization about the SDGs and warnings about the importance of a Building Permit (IMB), as well as imposing administrative sanctions against law-violating buildings. Although this study contributes significantly to the SDGs field, its major limitation is the small-scale sample, particularly along the Tawangmangu alternative road. Future research could address this by expanding the sample size and further exploring the benefits of SDGs implementation.