Association between novel dietary and lifestyle inflammation indices with risk of breast cancer (BrCa): a case–control study

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Abstract

Background: Pro-inflammatory diet and lifestyle factors lead to diseases related to chronically systemic inflammation. We examined the novel dietary/lifestyle indicators related to inflammation such dietary inflammation score (DIS), lifestyle inflammation score (LIS), empirical dietary inflammatory index (EDII) and, risk of Breast Cancer (BrCa) in Iranian woman. Methods: In this hospital-based case–control study, 253 patients with BrCa and 267 non-BrCa controls were enrolled. Food consumption was recorded to calculate the DIS, LIS and EDII using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). We estimated odds ratios (ORs) and, 95% confidence intervals for the association of the inflammatory potential with risk of these cancers using binary logistic regression models modified for the case–control design. Results: Mean ± SD of age and BMI of the study participants were 47.92 ± 10.33 years and 29.43 ± 5.51 kg/m2, respectively. After adjustment for confounders, individuals in highest compared to lowest quartile of DIS and EDII had significantly higher risk of BrCa (DIS: 2.13 (1.15 – 3.92), p-trends: 0.012), EDII: 2.17 (1.12 – 4.22), p-trends: 0.024). However, no significant association was observed for LIS (P-trends: 0.374). Conclusion: Findings of this study suggested that higher DIS and EDI increased the risk of BrCa, but concerning LIS, further investigation is needed.

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Sohouli, M. H., Hadizadeh, M., Mardali, F., Sanati, V., da Silva Magalhães, E. I., & Zarrati, M. (2022). Association between novel dietary and lifestyle inflammation indices with risk of breast cancer (BrCa): a case–control study. Nutrition Journal, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12937-022-00766-0

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