Study of Serum Uric Acid Level in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Abstract

At present, cardiovascular diseases are global health problems responsible for 17.3 million deaths per year and adding extra burden in developing countries like Nepal. Studies show that serum uric acid (SUA) can result in endothelial dysfunction which can lead to vascular disease like stroke. In this study, we determined serum uric acid levels in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and assess its risk factors. A cross sectional study was conducted in 82 patients with ACS who fulfilled the inclusion criteria included in the study and their serum uric acid level were investigated. It was found that 51 (62.2%) were males and 31 (37.8%) were females. Mean age in study population was 60.26 ± 11.34 years. Majority of the population belongs to 56-65 years age group. The mean uric acid level of our study population was 6.03 ± 1.50 mg/dl (male = 5.92 ± 1.72, female = 6.64 ± 1.53). SUA ≥ 7 mg/dl was maximum in 56-65 years age group and there was no association between age and SUA (P value = 0.146). Over half of the study population were hypertensive i.e. 42 (51.21%) and smoker i.e. 43 (52.43%). It showed association between SUA and ACS (P value = 0.003). Among those having diabetes, maximum have SUA ≥ 7 mg/dl i.e. 17 (47.22%). Among those having high cholesterol level, male have higher incidence than female with no association between T. Cholesterol and gender (P value = 0.49). The mean value of T. Cholesterol was 189.83 ± 46.81 mg/dl (male = 198.78 ± 55.19 mg/dl, female = 202.30 ± 54.92 mg/dl) with (P value = 0.52). In conclusion, the mean age of ACS patients was 60.26 years, with the peak incidence at the age of 56-65 years. The ACS had male predominance. The potential risk factors of ACS were: Age >56 years (65.83%), male sex (62.2%), dyslipidemia (35.36%, hypertension (51.2%), diabetes mellitus (43.9%), smoking (52.4%) and alcohol consumption (39%). Among these SUA significantly associated with risk factors were-Sex, Diabetes Mellitus, T. Cholesterol. There was association between serum uric acid level and ACS patients. Hypertension and smoking constitutes one of the major risk factor for ACS in study population.