Minimising the material consumption in bionic and geometric structural forms

Abstract

Interdisciplinary design in an important process is influencing the shaping of the architecture. In contemporary architectural design, the integration of the form and load-bearing structure is becoming more and more important. The integrated design process enables verification and selection of solutions that are more advantageous in relation to the given criteria. As a result, it is also possible to search for the model solutions in an attempt to optimize the architectural-construction as an important element of the interdisciplinary design process. Synergic methods of architectural design, enabling the creation of more effective systems, are of particular significance. The combination of the architectural and structural analyses is increasingly visible, especially in the research projects, where the form of the object is created in a synergic way, taking into account other parameters such as the properties of the materials used. The search for possibilities of shaping optimal and sustainable structures led to the creation of analogies to the living organisms, as exemplified by the bionic architecture. Architects are interested in methods of surface discretization, which can influence not only the aesthetic perception of the object, but also the material efficiency of the load-bearing structure. As a result of such a design, the search for synergistic solutions that meet both aesthetic and endurance criteria is pursued. The minimization of the material consumption by means of interdisciplinary analyses is part of the sustainable architecture trend, which respects the environment and its resources. The article presents the model research, based on the analysis of the structural forms with homeomorphic assumptions, which corresponds to homologous transformations among structures of common evolutionary origin. In analytical research on the selected models, computer-aided design methods were used to minimize the material consumption.