Effects of copper sulfate, zinc oxide, and neoterramycin on weanling pig growth and antibiotic resistance rate for fecal Escherichia coli (2009)

Abstract

A total of 180 weanling pigs (PIC TR4x1050, initially 11.1 lb and 21 d of age) were used in a 42-d growth trial to compare the effects of supplemental zinc, copper, and in-feed antimicrobial on weanling pig growth and antibiotic resistance of fecal Escherichia coli. There were 5 dietary treatments with 6 pens per treatment and 5 pigs per pen. Pens were assigned to dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were arranged in a 2x2 factorial design with main effects of copper sulfate (0 or 125 ppm) and zinc oxide (0 or 3,000 ppm for 14 d and 0 or 2,000 for 28 d). The fifth treatment was in-feed antimicrobial (50 g/ton neomycin sulfate and 50 g/ton oxytetracycline HCl). All diets were supplemented with 165 ppm zinc and 16.5 ppm copper from the trace mineral premix. Fecal samples were collected from 3 pigs per pen on d 14 and 42 to determine total coliform and E. coli counts as well as E. coli antibiotic resistance rates. Pigs fed added zinc oxide had increased (P{{}{ }{}}0.22) on total coliform or E. coli concentrations on d 14 or 42. For d-14 isolates, zinc supplementation had no effect (P{{}{>}{}}0.43) on E. coli resistance rate to chlortetracycline, neomycin, oxytetracycline, or tiamulin; however, copper supplementation tended to increase (P{{}{