Phase III trial of chemoradiotherapy for anaplastic oligodendroglioma: Long-term results of RTOG 9402

Abstract

Purpose: Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas, pure (AO) and mixed (anaplastic oligoastrocytoma [AOA]), are chemosensitive, especially if codeleted for 1p/19q, but whether patients live longer after chemoradiotherapy is unknown Patients and Methods: Eligible patients with AO/AOA were randomly assigned to procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine (PCV) plus radiotherapy (RT) versus RT alone. The primary end point was overall survival (OS) Results: Two hundred ninety-one eligible patients were randomly assigned: 148 to PCV plus RT and 143 to RT. For the entire cohort, there was no difference in median survival by treatment (4.6 years for PCV plus RT v 4.7 years for RT; hazard ratio [HR] = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.60 to 1.04; P =.1). Patients with codeleted tumors lived longer than those with noncodeleted tumors (PCV plus RT: 14.7 v2.6 years, HR = 0.36, 95% CI, 0.23 to 0.57, P